[python3] Update to 3.12.9, drop Windows 7 support

[Osyotr]

Fixes #36735
Fixes #40123

• Check dependencies on Linux
• Fix SABI module lookup
• Integrate gh-82909: Update PC/pyconfig.h to allow disabling pragma based auto-linking python/cpython#19740
• Add test ports

[BillyONeal]

Based on discord conversation: Tagging depends:vm-update as this needs the Android build container to be on a later Ubuntu than 20.04.

[BillyONeal]

#42749 updated the Android image to Noble.

[BillyONeal]

Unfortunately gobject-introspection:x86-windows looks like a legitimate failure:

D:\installed\x86-windows\tools\python3\python.exe: No module named virtualenv

[Osyotr]

Unfortunately gobject-introspection:x86-windows looks like a legitimate failure

God I hate this port.

[Osyotr]

Unfortunately gobject-introspection:x86-windows looks like a legitimate failure

The port uses target python on windows. It also requires setuptools for Python >= 3.12. To get setuptools you need venv. To get venv you need to use x_vcpkg_get_python_packages.
x_vcpkg_get_python_packages doesn't know how to deal with target python.

[dg0yt]

#43732 (comment)

[BillyONeal]

This build is passing now, does that mean this is good to go?

[Osyotr]

Ready for review, though I also wanted to add some test ports (I can do it in a follow-up PR).

[BillyONeal]

Test ports would be great but

• this is already passing
• you've been busting your butt for ages to get it passing
• people might like an updated python version

so I'm going to take this. Would love to see more tests in a subsequent PR of course!